Bank of instruments of evaluation of DDR

Depression Scale /Center for Epidemiologic Studies

Dimension: Problems associated with use

Area

Co-morbidity

Specificity

General

Year

2007

Author

Radloff LS, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, 1997

Identification and Classification

Instrument
Depression Scale /Center for Epidemiologic Studies
Acronym
CES-D
Area
Co-morbidity
Dimension
Problems associated with use
Specificity
General
Objective
To assess risk indicators of depression through the presence of depressive symptoms during the week prior to the application
Factors it measures
Negative affect, interpersonal relations and positive affect.
Year
2007
Author
Radloff LS, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, 1997
Availability
Access with permission of the author

Description

Abstract
It contains 20 items that assess risk indicators of depression through the presence of depressive symptoms during the week prior to the application. This type of assessment of the duration of a symptom is more important in determining the existence of a condition than the mere presence of it.
Psychometric characteristics
The adapted CES-D version by Tiburtius and Natera consists of 19 items (alpha = 0.9105); With these, three factors were integrated. Factor 1 comprises items which together had a reliability of .9031 and was denominated negative affect. Factor 2 consists of five items exploring interpersonal relationships; reliability is 0.7581. The structure of the third factor, consisting of only three items, comprises positive affect related symptoms; the reliability of these three items is 0.6051.
No. of items
19
Way of administration
Interview or group-administered, in paper and pencil format, with an approximate duration of 5 minutes.
Way of qualification
A) To obtain the score for the positive affect subscale add: 4 + 8 + 12 + 16. These must be recoded so that a higher score means greater depressive symptoms. B) For the score of the negative affect subscale add: 6 + 7 + 9 + 10 + 14 + 17 + 18. The maximum possible score is 2. C) For the score of the relationships subscale add: 1 + 13 + 15 + 19. Maximum score 12. D) For the score of the delayed activity and somatization subscale add items: 2 + 5 + 11. Maximum score = 9. Total maximum score = 30.
Application context
Clinical and general population, primary health care.
Population
Adults
References
Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale to self-report depression scale for research in the overall population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1 (3), 385-401;